diff --git a/library/think/Loader.php b/library/think/Loader.php
index 2232ac57..beb4b4f8 100644
--- a/library/think/Loader.php
+++ b/library/think/Loader.php
@@ -376,6 +376,8 @@ class Loader
             $class = str_replace('\\' . $module . '\\', '\\' . COMMON_MODULE . '\\', $class);
             if (class_exists($class)) {
                 $validate = new $class;
+            } else {
+                throw new Exception('class [ ' . $class . ' ] not exists', 10001);
             }
         }
         $_instance[$name . $layer] = $validate;
diff --git a/library/think/Model.php b/library/think/Model.php
index 54eff7c5..69747601 100644
--- a/library/think/Model.php
+++ b/library/think/Model.php
@@ -989,12 +989,14 @@ class Model
     protected function dataValidate(&$data)
     {
         if (!empty($this->options['validate'])) {
-            $info     = $this->options['validate'];
-            $name     = is_string($info) ? $info : $this->name;
-            $validate = Loader::validate($name);
+            $info = $this->options['validate'];
             if (is_array($info)) {
+                $validate = Loader::validate();
                 $validate->rule($info['rule']);
                 $validate->message($info['msg']);
+            } else {
+                $name     = is_string($info) ? $info : $this->name;
+                $validate = Loader::validate($name);
             }
             if (!$validate->check($data)) {
                 $this->error = $validate->getError();
diff --git a/library/think/Validate.php b/library/think/Validate.php
index 9e1c33f2..a88b18ae 100644
--- a/library/think/Validate.php
+++ b/library/think/Validate.php
@@ -520,11 +520,14 @@ class Validate
      * @access public
      * @param mixed $value  字段值
      * @param mixed $rule  验证规则
-     * @param mixed $param  参数
      * @return bool
      */
-    public function filter($value, $rule, $param = null)
+    public function filter($value, $rule)
     {
+        if (is_string($rule)) {
+            $rule = explode(',', $rule);
+        }
+        list($rule, $param) = $rule;
         return false !== filter_var($value, is_int($rule) ? $rule : filter_id($rule), $param);
     }